[1], Best known for pontoon bridge construction and clearing hazards in amphibious landings, their duties also included serving as sappers deploying and deactivating explosive charges and unexploded munitions, mapmaking, camouflage, and a wide variety of construction services supporting frontline troops. 193 (November 1941): 488. The 2nd Engineer Battalion is an engineer battalion in the United States Army which can trace its lineage back to 1861. That afternoon ground echelons of the 19th and 73rd Fighter Squadrons arrived at Aslito. This technique foreshadowed the more widely known use of Piper Cub spotting aircraft in the Vietnam War to mark targets for strike aircraft. This is a list of known United States Engineer Regiments in existence at the time of World War II. P-47s were loaded onto two Navy escort carriers to be ferried to the Marianas. As a result, the invasion of Leyte, scheduled for 20 December 1944, was moved up to 20 October, and several preliminary operations were canceled. Asphalt runways could support heavier aircraft, were easily repaired, and took less time to construct than traditional concrete runways. On the attack or on the defense, engineers led the way! These raids, escorted by Tsili Tsili-based fighters, helped ensure Allied air superiority for the landings at Lae in September. Of the 48 battalions organized during World War II, only seven were in Europe when the war ended there in May 1945. From 24 June to 9 July, the two squadrons flew 144 sorties over Saipan, flying from austere runways. Airfields in these locations would have allowed land-based fighters to cover the invasion of Leyte. The 1399th was activated at Schofield Barracks on Oahu on April 26, 1944. While the Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway checked Japan, the Allied counteroffensive began in earnest in August 1942 when US Marines landed on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. Individuals are permitted to take their own photographs or videos while touring the museum. During World War II, the MRS operated in every theater of operations where there were American forces. 25 Casey, Engineers of the Southwest Pacific, 6:28399. :k}g #30Fh~@H.V,HFH#j#'^h0m6:Bza l.bU_EG&(S1?121Ff_0:y*kX>1xGU^9\Zi Starr, Bill, 19 Dod, The War Against Japan, 498; Bureau of Yards and Docks, Building the Navys Bases in World War II: History of the Bureau of Yards and Docks and the Civil Engineer Corps, 19401946, vol. These airfields on Christmas, Canton, Samoa, Fiji, and New Caledonia were designed to provide an air corridor to the South Pacific that was more secure than the existing corridor, which ran from Hawaii to the Philippines through Wake and Guam and was located dangerously close to Japanese bases. For example, during World War II, the Allied counteroffensive against Japan required aircraft to operate ever further from established bases in Australia and Hawaii. 77th Engineer Company Altogether, logistical problems, weather, and Japanese attacks slowed work on the Leyte airfields.27, Figure 10: Work on Tacloban Airfield Near Completion28, Figure 11: P-38 Landing at Tacloban Airfield on 27 October 194429, After a week, the work of three engineer battalions at Tacloban and three aviation engineer battalions at Dulag began to bear fruit. After a week, the work of three engineer battalions at Tacloban and three aviation engineer battalions at Dulag began to bear fruit. "We don't . World War II; How a Japanese American Regiment Rescued WWII's ‘Lost Battalion' . machine guns, bazookas and grenade launchers.[2]. Furthermore, the acceleration of the Leyte landings meant that some transports with airfield construction material had to sail for Leyte while still bulk loaded. Breaking down this heavy equipment into air-portable loads proved to be a more effective approach. The 700 engineer battalions mobilized during the war repeatedly proved to be vital components to Allied victory on all fronts. In addition, runways made of Marston mats could be built faster than asphalt runways, though they were less capable.14, Figure 3, Tsili Tsili Airfield, 11 September 194315, The airfield at Tsili Tsili supported subsequent operations during the assault on Lae. This regiment consisted of three aviation engineer battalions designed for independent operations and capable of independent airfield construction.4 These aviation engineer battalions provided the expeditionary airfield capabilities critical to the Pacific Theater in World War II. The next target for the Central Pacific drive was the Marianas Islands, whose airfields would bring the Japanese home islands within range of B-29 bombers. P-38 fighters from the 85th Fighter Wing flew into Tacloban from Morotai, the nearest airfield, on 27 October and began operations.30 However, the poorer terrain around Dulag meant that those airfields did not become operational until 19 November, almost a month after the invasion. 2 Joseph Trevithick, USAF Wants Units To Rapidly Build And Fly From New Bases In The Middle Of A Future War, The Warzone, September 19, 2018, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/23682/usaf-wants-units-to-rapidly-build-and-fly-from-new-bases-in-the-middle-of-a-future-war; James Deboer, Marine Corps F-35Cs Make First Arrested Landings At An Expeditionary Airfield, The Warzone, December 9, 2020, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/38068/marine-corps-f-35cs-make-first-arrested-landings-at-an-expeditionary-airfield. 7 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1983), 357. After a ground reconnaissance of the site behind enemy lines, elements of the 871st Airborne Engineer Aviation Battalion were airlifted in early July to Tsili Tsili, a site just over 40 miles west of Lae. - Knives Thanks for putting this together. 098: The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Shaped . In addition to problems such as equipment shortages, long hours and difficult work, aviation engineer leaders were concerned with the long-term presence of blacks in England. African-American Engineer Troops Contributed Significantly to the Allied Victory in World War II. (U.S. Air Force photo), DAYTON, Ohio -- Engineer Aviation Battalion exhibit near the Curtiss C-46D at the National Museum of the United States Air Force. It was the only unit of its kind to serve in the Pacific war against Japan. However, in practice, the reductions in capability required to achieve air mobility were not worth the cost. Ultimately the assault on the Lae-Salamaua supported by Allied aircraft flying from the advance airfields at Tsili Tsili and Nadzab area drove the Japanese from northeast New Guinea.16, Figure 4: C-47 Being Unloaded at Nadzab Airstrip, Six Days After the Paratroop Landing17. During World War II, U.S. Army combat engineers were at the spearhead of fighting in all theaters, whether the battlefield was North Africas desert sands, Normandys fire-swept Omaha Beach, the Ardennes snowclad forest, or the Pacifics jungle-covered islands. Hi! It would also be less affected by rain, a common occurrence in the South Pacific. The Army Air Force fighters also flew strike missions supporting ground operations on Saipan, generally attacking preselected targets while providing some on-call close air support. On 15th of March, 1955, all units of the 176th and 386th were redesignated as HHC, Company A, B, C, D, and E of the 386th Combat Engineer Battalion, located at Bryan, Lufkin, Brenham, Pasadena, Nacogdoches and Victoria Texas. Tomorrow (February 17th) marks a full year since Total War: WARHAMMER III was released.But being the impatient wee scamps we are, we just couldn't wait and have . The absence of such in-person surveys was one of the causes of the delay in deploying significant numbers of land-based fighters to Leyte in October and November 1944. Although the US Navy defeated the Japanese, the battle diverted the focus of carrier-based aircraft providing air defense over Leyte. In addition, runways made of Marston mats could be built faster than asphalt runways, though they were less capable. 17 342-FH-3A32977-67081AC, Record Group 342, Records of US Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations, National Archives and Records Administration. Furthermore, the expanded use of tanks and motorized vehicles in ground operations suggested that future conflict would be highly mobile. To support the landings, the Allies needed to establish an airfield close to Lae and Salamaua to provide fighter cover for ground operations. Fighters based on Iwo Jima and later Okinawa supported B-29 raids launched from the Marianas against the Japanese home islands, which began in November 1944. Finally, in-person surveys of potential airfield sites proved invaluable. h+9DVZj>BPZj-;fgN577X[>F1Ff|Ayb3QD"x.2 %wd 6 (September 1991): 88. In addition, kamikaze attacks on the Navys escort carriers forced dozens of Navy planes to make emergency landings at Tacloban. Some of these reports, known generally as After Action Reports (AAR), may describe the days combat in as little as a paragraph, or across several pages. Headquarters in Calcutta was opened in the fall of 1943 with Colonel W. C. Kinsolving in command. For more permanent airfields, the most common construction material was asphalt, then called bitumen. Between 27 October and 31 December 1944 Japanese aircraft flew over 1,000 sorties against Leyte. (WIoM0zgJSkPz'?fi[L3 aSV,4rG>|Q,KNo~H'Fwr` S~ 24 Wesley Craven and James Cate, eds., The Army Air Forces in World War II, vol. Hi Bill, The day after the paratroopers landed, the 871st Engineer Aviation Battalion and Australian engineers flew into Nadzab and began improving the airfield. It was poured on top of a gravel layer, though sometimes gravel alone was used when engineers were pressed for time. A decorated Vietnam War combat veteran, his assignments included Pentagon tours on the Department of the Army staff and in the Strategic Plans and Policy Directorate, Joint Chiefs of Staff. Click here for frequently asked questions regarding items permitted inside the museum. The views and opinions expressed or implied in WBYare those of the authors and should not be construed as carrying the official sanction of the Department of Defense, Air Force, Air Education and Training Command, Air University, or other agencies or departments of the US government or their international equivalents. Army engineers often initially cleared a grass landing strip for use by transports and fighters to construct advance airfields. Aircraft based at Tsili Tsili supported large, Allied air raids on Wewak in mid-August that destroyed several Japanese aircraft. The 21st Engineers gained experience in an unlikely place: Louisiana. The original concept envisioned a small group of skilled construction and engineer troops, closely trained alongside air units, with the ability to repair bomb damaged airfields, to camouflage airfields and if necessary, to defend airfields. Japanese aircraft based at Wewak were sure to contest the attack on Lae and Salamaua. This regiment consisted of three aviation engineer battalions designed for independent operations and capable of independent airfield construction. The casualties suffered by a typical American infantry regiment serving in World War II were horrendous. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by HistoryNet LLC, the worlds largest publisher of history magazines. In addition all bags are subject to search and may be placed through an X-Ray machine. The Army Air Corps recognized that these performance improvements would require airfields to handle these faster, heavier planes. 13th Engineer General Service Regiment 38th Engineer General Service Regiment 41st Engineer General Service Regiment 42nd Engineer General Service Regiment 43rd Engineer General Service Regiment 44th Enginee General Service Regiment - Box cutters By December 1941, the Corps of Engineers had created 12 aviation engineer battalions, with the 21st Engineers serving as the model. Heavy rain also slowed work on the airfield, as did the Japanese naval counterattack that led to the Battle of Leyte Gulf from 2326 October 1944. By December 1941, the Corps of Engineers had created 12 aviation engineer battalions, with the 21st Engineers serving as the model. Even before the United States formally entered World War II, American engineers gained experience constructing expeditionary airfields. The 73rd Fighter Squadron regularly maintained 30 P-47s as operational out of 37 planes assigned. The landings on Guam occurred on 21 July, and in the following days, the fighters provided support for ground forces advancing across the island. A Navy TBF Avenger would lead the P-47s toward the target and then mark the target with a machine gun burst or rocket while describing the target over the radio. He was sent by train at Camp Shelby in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, where he joined the 91st Engineer Battalion, a unit comprised of 1,193 Black enlisted soldiers and 25 White officers. In addition to infantry small arms, World War II combat engineers employed a range of weapons and specialized equipment to accomplish their mobility and countermobility missions. These raids, escorted by Tsili Tsili-based fighters, helped ensure Allied air superiority for the landings at Lae in September. Similar reports are also called unit journals or diaries. - Alcohol 9 Grace Hayes, The History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in World War II: The War Against Japan (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1982), 55. Among the most familiar for their heroism and contributions to establishing key bridgeheads in Europe was at the Ludendorff Bridge at the Battle of Remagen. However, canceling these operations meant the Leyte invasion force would have to rely on carrier-based aircraft until airfields ashore could be established. The initial landings south of Tacloban were hindered by shallow water that snagged several landing craft. On March 3, 1945, Hodges directed his III Corps, with Maj. Gen. John Leonard's 9th Armored Division acting as spearhead, to drive down the valley leading toward Remagen from the west. Unfortunately, the bodies were strewn about a German mine field. At a minimum, these records, prepared daily, describe the daily actions of the unit (typically a Division or a Regiment), including intelligence information on the enemy forces faced, the geography of the area, weather conditions, and the success or failure of the days fighting. (U.S. Air Force photo). Weapons, African Americans Segregated into Separate Units. Mel Brooks Was a Combat Engineer in World War II : No. - Strollers The massive German assault on 16 December quickly interrupted these routine tasks. It would end in disaster for both sides. Other units had similar grim statistics. In October 1939, the 1st Engineer . i* The stage was now set for the battle under the new Union commander, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker. In addition to strike missions, the fighters served as guides for the landing craft headed for the beaches of Tinian on 24 July using white stripes painted under their wings. In early December 1941, Japanese forces launched a series of offensives across the Pacific, striking Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Malaya. During World War II, Army engineers placed floating and later fixed bridges across the rivers of Italy, France, and Germany, supporting hotly contested crossings of the Rapido, Roer, and Rhine rivers. For more permanent airfields, the most common construction material was asphalt, then called bitumen. 099: A World War II Officer's Sketches Depict Life in a Black Engineer Unit : No. It consisted of Japanese American soldiers from a number of companies . In the early morning of 29 May 1943, the 50th Combat Engineers were the first U S Army unit encountered by the last Japanese troops on the island, making a suicide charge toward artillery atop Engineer Hill. The plan for the invasion of the Marianas called for US Navy aircraft carriers to provide air cover for the landings until airfields ashore could be constructed and fighters flown in. occupied good defensible terrain; 4) World War II engineer units received extensive combat training before deploying overseas. Regardless, so many losses in so many ways. 44th Engineer Regiment . An Engineer Combat Battalion (ECB) was a designation for a battalion-strength combat engineer unit in the U.S. Army, most prevalent during World War II. In August 1941, the US military began developing air bases on islands in the Pacific between Hawaii and Australia. Pollock, Clarence H. Box 21 CPT Survey . Stationed at Bhamo by 1 Aug 45 (assigned to North Burma Air Task Force), (10th Chinese Engineer Regiment, attached), (12th Chinese Engineer Regiment, attached), Constituted 16 January 1918 in the National Army at Fort Myer, Virginia, as the 2d Battalion, 37th Engineer Regiment, Demobilized in March 1919 at Camp Upton, New York, Reconstituted 1 October 1933 in the Regular Army as the 2d Battalion, 37th Engineers, Activated 14 July 1941 at Camp Bowie, Texas, Redesignated 1 August 1942 as the 2d Battalion, 37th Engineer Combat Regiment, Reorganized and redesignated 15 March 1943 as the 209th Engineer Combat Battalion, Inactivated 27 November 1945 at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, Redesignated 29 April 1947 as the 27th Engineer Combat Battalion, Activated 18 September 1950 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Inactivated 26 October 1950 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Activated 1 March 1951 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Redesignated 8 June 1953 as the 27th Engineer Battalion, (Lettered companies inactivated 17 October 2008 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky; Support Company concurrently constituted and activated), Vietnam: Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I; Consolidation II, Southwest Asia: Defense of Saudi Arabia; Liberation and Defense of Kuwait, War on Terrorism: Campaigns to be determined, Presidential Unit Citation (Army), Streamer embroidered MYITKYINA, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1966-1967, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1967-1968, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1968-1969, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1969, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1970-1971, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered SOUTHWEST ASIA 1990-1991, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2004, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2006-2007, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2009-2010, Army Superior Unit Award, Streamer embroidered 1990, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class, Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1967-1968, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class, Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1970, Moved to Camp Anza, CA (LA POE) 13 Aug 44, arriving 30 Aug 44, Moved from Dinjan, India to Waingmaw, Burma 8 Nov 44, Transfer from 10th AF (Bhamo) to 14th AF (Kunming) 15 Mar 45 (HQ moved 3 Apr 45), Constituted 1 October 1933 in the Regular Army as the 76th Engineer Company, Activated 1 June 1941 at Fort McClellan, Alabama, Reorganized and redesignated 6 October 1943 as the 76th Engineer Light Ponton Company, Inactivated 27 November 1945 at the New York Port of Embarkation, Redesignated 15 November 1946 as the 76th Engineer Light Equipment Company, Redesignated 18 December 1947 as the 76th Engineer Panel Bridge Transport Company, Activated 15 January 1948 at Camp Campbell, Kentucky, Reorganized and redesignated 3 March 1949 as the 76th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Reorganized and redesignated 1 April 1954 as the 76th Engineer Company, Activated 8 July 1957 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Inactivated 24 March 1962 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, Activated 24 July 1964 at Fort Lee, Virginia, Activated 6 December 1969 at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, Inactivated 5 April 1972 at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, Activated 16 October 2005 at Fort Knox, Kentucky, Korean War:UN Defensive; UN Offensive; CCF Intervention; First UN Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; Second Korean Winter; Korea, Summer-Fall 1952; Third Korean Winter; Korea, Summer 1953, Vietnam:Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II, War on Terrorism: Afghanistan: Consolidation II, Consolidation III, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered KOREA 1950-1951, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2007-2008, Constituted 1 October 1933 in the Regular Army as the 77th Engineer Company, Activated 2 June 1941 at Fort Custer, Michigan, Reorganized and redesignated 1 April 1942 as the 77th Engineer Light Ponton Company, Redesignated 15 November 1946 as the 77th Engineer Combat Company, Assigned 27 February 1947 to the 25th Infantry Division, Inactivated 15 April 1953 in Korea and relieved from assignment to the 25th Infantry Division, Redesignated 8 May 1956 as the 77th Engineer Company, Activated 15 May 1956 at West Point, New York, Inactivated 15 May 1958 at West Point, New York, Activated 1 December 1961 at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Inactivated 1 July 1963 at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Activated 3 June 1966 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Inactivated 21 February 1973 at Fort Eustis, Virginia, Activated 16 September 2006 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, World War II:India-Burma; Central Burma, Korean War:UN Defensive; UN Offensive; CCF Intervention; First UN Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; Second Korean Winter; Korea, Summer-Fall 1952; Third Korean Winter, Constituted 24 March 1942 in the Regular Army as the 428th Engineer Company, Activated 22 April 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, as the 428th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Inactivated 13 December 1945 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Redesignated 30 January 1947 as the 515th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Redesignated 22 March 1949 as the 515th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Activated 16 May 1949 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Reorganized and redesignated 29 August 1951 as the 515th Engineer Pipeline Company, Redesignated 1 December 1953 as the 515th Engineer Company, Inactivated 21 December 1956 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Activated 22 March 1968 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Inactivated 15 September 1995 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Activated 16 May 2007 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, World War II: American Theater, Streamer without inscription; Aleutian Islands; China Offensive, Southwest Asia: Defense of Saudi Arabia; Liberation and Defense of Kuwait; Cease-Fire, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for ALCAN HIGHWAY, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for SOUTHWEST ASIA 1990-1991, Constituted 19 March 1942 in the Army of the United States as the 504th Engineer Company, Redesignated 1 April 1942 as the 504th Engineer Light Ponton Company, Activated 15 May 1942 at Camp Gordon, Georgia, Redesignated 8 May 1947 as the 380th Engineer Ponton Bridge Company and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 30 May 1947 at Raleigh, North Carolina, Location changed 3 July 1947 to Rocky Mount, North Carolina, (Organized Reserves redesignated 25 March 1948 as the Organized Reserve Corps; redesignated 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve), Location changed 25 March 1949 to Plymouth, North Carolina, Inactivated 1 September 1950 at Plymouth, North Carolina, Redesignated 8 May 1952 as the 380th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Activated 1 June 1952 at Burgaw, North Carolina, Reorganized and redesignated 28 February 1954 as the 380th Engineer Company, Location changed 28 May 1956 to Columbia, South Carolina, Inactivated 25 June 1959 at Columbia, South Carolina, Activated 16 September 2008 at Greenville, Mississippi, Ordered into active military service 3 January 2011 at Greenville, Mississippi, Constituted 16 February 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 1359th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Activated 1 March 1944 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Inactivated 22 January 1946 at Fort Lawton, Washington, Redesignated 8 December 1954 as the 103d Engineer Company and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 25 October 1954 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Vietnam:Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I; Consolidation II, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1966-1967, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class for VIETNAM 1967-1970, Constituted 13 August 1943 in the Army of the United States as the 778th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Activated 14 August 1943 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Inactivated 2 January 1946 at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, Redesignated 12 September 1947 as the 336th Engineer Dump Truck Company, and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 25 September 1947 at Bristol, Virginia, Reorganized and redesignated 20 July 1953 as the 336th Engineer Company, Location changed 19 April 1956 to Clintwood, Virginia, Inactivated 11 May 1959 at Clintwood, Virginia, Activated 16 September 2008 at Weirton, West Virginia, Constituted 13 August 1943 in the Army of the United States as the 780th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Redesignated 22 September 1947 as the 333d Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 7 October 1947 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ordered into active military service 11 September 1950 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Reorganized and redesignated 23 July 1951 as the 333d Engineer Pipeline Company, Reorganized and redesignated 24 November 1953 as the 333d Engineer Company, Released from active military service 26 May 1955 and reverted to reserve status, Inactivated 20 July 1955 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Activated 1 December 1955 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ordered into active military service 15 October 1961 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; released from active military service 4 August 1962 and reverted to reserve status, Inactivated 28 December 1965 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Activated 30 January 1968 at West Hazelton, Pennsylvania, Inactivated 13 July 1976 at West Hazelton, Pennsylvania, Activated 16 September 2008 at Reading, Pennsylvania, Constituted 9 March 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 1380th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Activated 15 March 1944 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Redesignated 2 October 1947 as the 304th Engineer Ponton Bridge Company and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 22 October 1947 at Pontiac, Michigan, Location changed 24 June 1948 to Saginaw, Michigan, Inactivated 4 December 1950 at Saginaw, Michigan, Redesignated 16 April 1959 as the 304th Engineer Company, Activated 1 May 1959 at Saginaw, Michigan, Location changed 31 January 1962 to Battle Creek, Michigan, Inactivated 31 December 1965 at Battle Creek, Michigan, Activated 16 September 2008 at Lima, Ohio, Ordered into active military service 4 April 2014 at Lima, Ohio, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 156th Engineer Service Detachment, Activated 30 December 1944 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Reorganized and redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 156th Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Assigned 1 July 1947 to the 7th Infantry Division, Relieved 1 December 1948 from assignment to the 7th Infantry Division, Redesignated 6 May 1959 as the 156th Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 25 June 1959 at Minneapolis, Minnesota, Inactivated 25 January 1965 at Minneapolis, Minnesota, Activated 4 May 1965 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Activated 1 September 1980 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Inactivated 15 July 1988 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, World War II:Asiatic-Pacific Theater, Streamer without inscription, Vietnam:Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1968, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class for VIETNAM 1968-1970, 885th Airborne Engineer Battalion formed at Bradley Field, CT early 1943, 885th Airborne Engineer Battalion disbanded Dec 1943, HQ Co. redesignated 2070th Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, Co. A redesignated 2071st Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, Co. B redesignated 2072nd Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, Co. C redesignated 2073d Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, All units arrived in Salua Air Field, India, Apr 1944 and redesignated Aviation Engineer Utility and Fire Fighting Detachments, Constituted 13 January 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 2087th Engineer Aviation Fire Fighting Platoon, Activated 20 January 1944 at Tallahassee, Florida, Inactivated 19 January 1946 at Ondal, India, Redesignated 21 June 1948 as the 475th Engineer Fire Fighting Platoon and allotted to the Organized Reserve Corps, Activated 15 July 1948 at San Francisco, California, Inactivated 30 November 1950 at San Francisco, California, (Organized Reserve Corps redesignated on 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve), Redesignated 5 November 1962 as the 475th Engineer Platoon, Activated 23 January 1963 at Bell, California, Location changed 10 June 1964 to Bakersfield, California, Inactivated 29 February 1968 at Bakersfield, California, Activated 1 March 1974 at El Dorado, Kansas, Ordered into active military service 15 November 1990 at El Dorado, Kansas; released from active military service 24 April 1991 and reverted to reserve status, Location changed 16 September 1996 to Creston, Iowa, Reorganized and redesignated 16 September 1998 as the 475th Engineer Detachment, Detachment ordered into active military service 7 February 2003 at Creston, Iowa; remainder of unit ordered into active military service 7 December 2003 at Creston, Iowa, Detachment released from active military service 2 May 2004 and reverted to reserve status; remainder of unit released from active military service 3 Jun 2005 and reverted to reserve status, Inactivated 15 September 2011 at Creston, Iowa, Activated 16 September 2016 at Vicksburg, Mississippi, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 3132d Engineer Service Detachment, Redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 3132d Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Redesignated 30 September 1966 as the 132d Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 1 December 1966 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Activated 1 August 1988 at Fort McPherson, Georgia, World War II: Asiatic-Pacific Theater, Streamer without inscription, Vietnam: Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 3133d Engineer Service Detachment, Redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 3133d Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Redesignated 30 September 1966 as the 133d Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 1 August 1988 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Inactivated 15 September 1995 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Activated 16 February 2010 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 3136th Engineer Service Detachment, Redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 3136th Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Redesignated 13 October 1966 as the 94th Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 1 January 1967 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Activated 1 March 1987 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Inactivated 15 August 1988 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Activated 17 October 2005 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Vietnam:Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I; Consolidation II, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1967-1968, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1970-1971, Constituted 10 September 1945 in the Army of the United States as the 3352d Engineer Utilities Detachment, Allotted 13 August 1946 to the Regular Army, Activated 28 December 1946 on Okinawa as the 3352d Engineer Utilities Detachment (Philippine Scouts), Inactivated 30 April 1947 on Okinawa; concurrently withdrawn from the Philippine Scouts, Redesignated 5 February 1953 as the 46th Engineer Utilities Detachment, Reorganized and redesignated 1 April 1954 as the 46th Engineer Detachment, Activated 25 June 1959 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Inactivated 15 July 1982 at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Activated 16 April 2010 at Fort Carson, Colorado.
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